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Enterprise Clusters and Networks in Developing Countries analyses
the functions and advantages of clusters and networks for small
enterprises in developing countries.In the opening chapter the
editors describe different types of clusters and networks and
compare the diverse forms of external economies and co-operation
effects derived from them. Taking a multidiscplinary approach, they
point out it is trust that is the social basis for positive effects
of clustering and networking, which are often sources of
co-operation and technology diffusion for small enterprises in
developing countries.
The completion of the Uruguay Round in April 1994 has not solved
all the problems. The issue of regionalism versus multilateral
agreements such as the Uruguay Round remains a crucial one, as is
argued in the first five chapters of this volume. Successive
chapters deal with specific issues such as green protectionism,
technical standards, intellectual property rights protection, the
effects of disarmament on international trade, the effects of
abolishing the Multi-fibre Agreement and the external impact of the
European Union's Common Agricultural Policy. The volume, on the
whole, takes up where the newly created World Trade Organization
will have to start.
Enterprise Clusters and Networks in Developing Countries analyses
the functions and advantages of clusters and networks for small
enterprises in developing countries.
In the opening chapter the editors describe different types of
clusters and networks and compare the diverse forms of external
economies and co-operation effects derived from them. Taking a
multidiscplinary approach, they point out it is trust that is the
social basis for positive effects of clustering and networking,
which are often sources of co-operation and technology diffusion
for small enterprises in developing countries.
The completion of the Uruguay Round in April 1994 has not solved
all the problems. The issue of regionalism versus multilateral
agreements such as the Uruguay Round remains a crucial one, as is
argued in the first five chapters of this volume. Successive
chapters deal with specific issues such as green protectionism,
technical standards, intellectual property rights protection, the
effects of disarmament on international trade, the effects of
abolishing the Multi-Fibre Agreement and the external impact of the
European Union's Common Agricultural Policy. The volume, on the
whole, takes up where the newly created World Trade Organisation
will have to start.
Innovation is crucial for small enterprises to become and remain
competitive in the global economy. In this book, the authors have
combined theoretical insights with comprehensive case studies on
innovation among small-scale enterprises in developing countries,
paying particular attention to technological change in clusters of
small firms.The authors deliberately use a broad definition of
innovation in order to emphasise the fact that technological change
and innovation adoption takes place on a wider scale and in a
greater number of forms than is frequently assumed. The unusual
case studies such as the Kenyan food processing sector, furniture
making in Nicaragua and tile manufacturing in Indonesia highlight
the patterns of innovation adoption and diffusion, and serve as a
unique and fascinating backdrop to the study. The authors pay
specific attention to innovation by small enterprises in times of
economic crisis and go on to assess the mechanisms employed to
promote innovation. They demonstrate that although radical
innovation among small enterprises occurs on a limited scale,
innovation through gradual incremental improvements in production
processes and products is continuous. Innovation and Small
Enterprises in the Third World will be widely read by academics,
researchers and policymakers concerned with innovation adoption and
diffusion, and third world development issues.
Urban management is a relatively new topic, which has gained
increasing importance due to a rise in urbanization and a wave of
decentralization programs in recent decades. This innovative book
is the first systematic treatment of the critical urban management
issues facing developing countries. The volume brings together a
number of theoretical approaches and practical experiences in order
to study the economic and financial aspects of urban management.
The author argues that urban managers have to make their cities
more competitive via the new opportunities provided by
decentralization, and suggests that the formulation of a
development strategy and the use of elements from new public
management theory will improve urban governance and service
delivery. In addition, emphasis is placed on the importance of
involving different stakeholders, which will lead to an integrated
analysis of urban problems and, therefore, integrated solutions.
Related issues such as urban environmental sustainability and the
role of modern information technology are also explored in detail.
The book concludes with a review of the emerging new themes at the
forefront of contemporary urban management studies. This important
new volume will be an essential resource for students, scholars and
practitioners with an interest in urban planning, development and
management.
This book shows how cities are contributing much more to economic
development than the rest of the country. In particular the middle
size towns in China and India still have a huge potential to absorb
migrants and contribute to economic growth. In China the biggest
cities tend to grow slower, probably because environmental, traffic
and problems of administration tend to increase. In India these
cities still benefit from the cheap labour going there. Both
countries would benefit from developing their urban innovative
milieu, because future growth will require new technologies, new
products and new ways of dealing with urban issues.
This text examines two major themes: the strain placed on local
economic cultures and economic networks in the Southern hemisphere
and Eastern Europe by global deregulation; and the success rates of
both novel, locally-rooted and more traditional economic structures
in their attempts to adapt to deregulation. Contributions from a
variety of authors combine a "flexible specialization in clusters"
approach with original empirical data. An introduction and
concluding chapter by the editors brings out the common issues and
conclusions.
Urban management is a relatively new topic, which has gained
increasing importance due to a rise in urbanization and a wave of
decentralization programs in recent decades. This innovative book
is the first systematic treatment of the critical urban management
issues facing developing countries. The volume brings together a
number of theoretical approaches and practical experiences in order
to study the economic and financial aspects of urban management.
The author argues that urban managers have to make their cities
more competitive via the new opportunities provided by
decentralization, and suggests that the formulation of a
development strategy and the use of elements from new public
management theory will improve urban governance and service
delivery. In addition, emphasis is placed on the importance of
involving different stakeholders, which will lead to an integrated
analysis of urban problems and, therefore, integrated solutions.
Related issues such as urban environmental sustainability and the
role of modern information technology are also explored in detail.
The book concludes with a review of the emerging new themes at the
forefront of contemporary urban management studies. This important
new volume will be an essential resource for students, scholars and
practitioners with an interest in urban planning, development and
management.
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